Such studies do not consider the fire environment, the inherent inaccuracies in cyanide assay, the fact that cyanide is a normal human metabolite, the capability of the body to detoxify cyanide, or the evidence that cyanide can be produced in vitro by normal human blood and in situ in certain organs after death. ![]() Proponents of the cyanide poisoning theory of smoke inhalation link these facts and draw the conclusion that fire victims need to be treated with cyanide antidotes. Ingestion of cyanide produces metabolic acidosis, an acid-base derangement also seen in burn patients during resuscitation. A cyanide antidote kit (amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite and sodium. Cyanide can be detected in trace amounts in the smoke at house fires and in the blood of both smokers and fire victims. Cyanide antidotes-amyl nitrite perles and intravenous infusions of sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate-are packaged in the cyanide antidote kit. IN CASE OF CYANIDE POISONING, start first aid treatment immediately, then get medical attention. The combustion of certain household furnishings can produce cyanide. Treatment of cyanide toxicity requires the cessation of nitroprusside and, for severe toxicity, use of the cyanide antidote kit. Acute cyanide ingestion (50mg of hydrogen cyanide or 200mg of potassium cyanide) or inhalation of hydrogen cyanide gas can be rapidly lethal. Since that time, several articles have revisited this issue, in part prompted by the availability of a new cyanide antidote kit. Respiratory Protection: Positive-pressure, self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) is recommended in response situations that involve exposure to potentially unsafe levels of hydrogen cyanide (HSDB 2007). A large clinical series and comprehensive literature review was published in the burn literature in 1994. Hydrogen cyanide is a highly toxic systemic poison that is absorbed well by inhalation and through the skin. ![]() Abstract: The role of cyanide toxicity in victims of fire has been extensively examined in both the medical and the fire literature in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. Cyanide compounds are very toxic to humans and inhalation exposure can be rapidly fatal.
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